CFM Mixing Basics - Techniques
Muscle Shoals Sound Studio
Until the great "Digital Revolution" of the 1990s, sound mixing in record production was traditionally facilitated in a "recording studio." It was expensive, timely and technically challenging. Typically, a good sound engineer was paid by the "recording studio" establishment, unless the artist was under contract with a label, wherein independent "engineers," if not a producer would facilitate the production. Many producers began as sound engineers.
Recording studio sound engineers are often delegated the responsibility of situating how microphones are utilized, their distance from an amp, the angle of the mic, and determining which of the "house" mics to use in a given situation. If they know the characteristics of the "live" rooms they will suggest where in the room to place a given instrument, placement of baffles, the right mic stand and so forth.
Since the advent of the DAW and the reduction of real estate cost(s) (computer/hardware/interfaces) associated with facilitating a DAW set up, recording studios of times past, with the exception of a few, have closed shop.